From 1st century
Western and central North Africa
Mauretania Caesariensis was one of the two Roman provinces created from the kingdom of Mauretania under Claudius at the end of 42 CE. It lay east of Mauretania Tingitana and was governed directly by the emperor through an equestrian procurator based at Iol-Caesarea. The province formed part of the western Roman system in North Africa, although the extent of Roman withdrawal from its western interior during the fourth century remained disputed.
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The Story
The kingdom of Mauretania lay between the Ampsaga and the Atlantic and entered Rome’s sphere through a succession of political decisions. Bocchus the Younger bequeathed the kingdom to Rome in 33 BCE, but Octavian later entrusted it to the indigenous ruler Juba II, who was succeeded by his son Ptolemy in 23 CE. Direct Roman administration began only after Caligula caused Ptolemy to be assassinated in 40 CE.
At the end of 42 CE, Claudius organized Mauretania into two provinces. Mauretania Caesariensis occupied the eastern part, while Mauretania Tingitana lay to the west, the two being separated by the Mulucha, or Moulouya. Both provinces came directly under imperial authority and were governed by equestrian procurators who combined civil and military responsibilities.
The procurator of Mauretania Caesariensis resided at Iol-Caesarea and commanded auxiliary troops. The fourth-century history of the province is presented as an unresolved administrative and military question, particularly concerning whether Rome evacuated its western territories under Diocletian. The excerpt states that recent research made such a withdrawal doubtful, leaving the extent of Roman control uncertain.
From 1st century
Western and central North Africa
Mauretania Caesariensis was one of the two Roman provinces created from the kingdom of Mauretania under Claudius at the end of 42 CE. It lay east of Mauretania Tingitana and was governed directly by the emperor through an equestrian procurator based at Iol-Caesarea. The province formed part of the western Roman system in North Africa, although the extent of Roman withdrawal from its western interior during the fourth century remained disputed.
Continue exploring
The Story
The kingdom of Mauretania lay between the Ampsaga and the Atlantic and entered Rome’s sphere through a succession of political decisions. Bocchus the Younger bequeathed the kingdom to Rome in 33 BCE, but Octavian later entrusted it to the indigenous ruler Juba II, who was succeeded by his son Ptolemy in 23 CE. Direct Roman administration began only after Caligula caused Ptolemy to be assassinated in 40 CE.
At the end of 42 CE, Claudius organized Mauretania into two provinces. Mauretania Caesariensis occupied the eastern part, while Mauretania Tingitana lay to the west, the two being separated by the Mulucha, or Moulouya. Both provinces came directly under imperial authority and were governed by equestrian procurators who combined civil and military responsibilities.
The procurator of Mauretania Caesariensis resided at Iol-Caesarea and commanded auxiliary troops. The fourth-century history of the province is presented as an unresolved administrative and military question, particularly concerning whether Rome evacuated its western territories under Diocletian. The excerpt states that recent research made such a withdrawal doubtful, leaving the extent of Roman control uncertain.
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