VIIIᵉ siècle – Xᵉ siècle
Ifriqiya, central Maghrib, Sicily, and southern Italy
Traduction non disponible · Original (anglais) · français indisponible
The Aghlabid Kingdom was an autonomous dynasty established in Ifriqiya through negotiations between Ibrahim ibn al-Aghlab and the Abbasid caliphate. Its rulers consolidated authority, fostered prosperity and coastal defence, and expanded across Sicily and parts of southern Italy. The regime declined under Ibrahim II and was overthrown in 909 by a Shi'ite movement supported by Kutama Berbers.
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Le récit
The Aghlabid kingdom was founded in 800 when the Abbasid caliphate granted Ibrahim ibn al-Aghlab authority over Ifriqiya. Ibrahim had served as vice-governor of the Mzab and governor of the province, and he had demonstrated loyalty by opposing the Idrisids and defeating the rebel Tammam. He accepted the emirate on the condition that it would be hereditary and that he could not be removed from office.
The agreement created independence through negotiation rather than a formal rupture with Baghdad. Ibrahim relinquished the subsidy of 100,000 dinars formerly transferred to Ifriqiya from Egyptian taxation and agreed to pay Baghdad 40,000 dinars annually. The first rulers concentrated on consolidating the regime despite military rebellions, while the defeat of Mansur al-Tunbudhi's insurrection in 828 opened a period of greater stability.
Aghlabid prosperity reached a high point under Abu Ibrahim Ahmad, who built coastal ribats and supplied Kairouan with cisterns. Under Ibrahim II, justice and government initially appeared effective, but the ruler's deteriorating mental state brought harsher exactions and political mistakes. Shi'ite proselytism led by Abu Abd Allah al-Da'i among the Kutama Berbers then mobilized support against the regime, culminating in the capture of al-Urbus on 18 March 909 and the flight of Ziyadat Allah III from Rakkada.
The Aghlabids intervened in Sicily in 827 after the invitation of Euphemius, the island's patrician. Led by Asad b. al-Furat, the conquest faced Byzantine resistance and lasted roughly fifty years, ending with the capture of Syracuse in 878. Aghlabid forces also established themselves in Calabria and attacked several southern Italian towns.
The assault on Rome in August 846 demonstrated the reach of Aghlabid naval power, although the army later perished in a storm. Ibrahim II personally led another expedition into Italy in 902, but died beneath the walls of Cosenza in October of that year. These campaigns connected Ifriqiya to Sicily and southern Italy while also stimulating maritime trade and diplomacy across the western Mediterranean.
VIIIᵉ siècle – Xᵉ siècle
Ifriqiya, central Maghrib, Sicily, and southern Italy
Traduction non disponible · Original (anglais) · français indisponible
The Aghlabid Kingdom was an autonomous dynasty established in Ifriqiya through negotiations between Ibrahim ibn al-Aghlab and the Abbasid caliphate. Its rulers consolidated authority, fostered prosperity and coastal defence, and expanded across Sicily and parts of southern Italy. The regime declined under Ibrahim II and was overthrown in 909 by a Shi'ite movement supported by Kutama Berbers.
Poursuivre l’exploration
Le récit
The Aghlabid kingdom was founded in 800 when the Abbasid caliphate granted Ibrahim ibn al-Aghlab authority over Ifriqiya. Ibrahim had served as vice-governor of the Mzab and governor of the province, and he had demonstrated loyalty by opposing the Idrisids and defeating the rebel Tammam. He accepted the emirate on the condition that it would be hereditary and that he could not be removed from office.
The agreement created independence through negotiation rather than a formal rupture with Baghdad. Ibrahim relinquished the subsidy of 100,000 dinars formerly transferred to Ifriqiya from Egyptian taxation and agreed to pay Baghdad 40,000 dinars annually. The first rulers concentrated on consolidating the regime despite military rebellions, while the defeat of Mansur al-Tunbudhi's insurrection in 828 opened a period of greater stability.
Aghlabid prosperity reached a high point under Abu Ibrahim Ahmad, who built coastal ribats and supplied Kairouan with cisterns. Under Ibrahim II, justice and government initially appeared effective, but the ruler's deteriorating mental state brought harsher exactions and political mistakes. Shi'ite proselytism led by Abu Abd Allah al-Da'i among the Kutama Berbers then mobilized support against the regime, culminating in the capture of al-Urbus on 18 March 909 and the flight of Ziyadat Allah III from Rakkada.
The Aghlabids intervened in Sicily in 827 after the invitation of Euphemius, the island's patrician. Led by Asad b. al-Furat, the conquest faced Byzantine resistance and lasted roughly fifty years, ending with the capture of Syracuse in 878. Aghlabid forces also established themselves in Calabria and attacked several southern Italian towns.
The assault on Rome in August 846 demonstrated the reach of Aghlabid naval power, although the army later perished in a storm. Ibrahim II personally led another expedition into Italy in 902, but died beneath the walls of Cosenza in October of that year. These campaigns connected Ifriqiya to Sicily and southern Italy while also stimulating maritime trade and diplomacy across the western Mediterranean.
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