XVIᵉ siècle
Northern Morocco
Traduction non disponible · Original (anglais) · français indisponible
The Battle of the Three Kings was the Moroccan victory over a Portuguese invasion force near al-Qasr al-Kabir in August 1578. The battle killed Portugal's Don Sebastian, the deposed Moroccan sultan Muhammad al-Mutawakkil, and the Moroccan ruler 'Abd al-Malik, whose successor Ahmad adopted the title al-Mansur. The victory renewed Morocco's jihad rhetoric and enhanced its international prestige.
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Le récit
The conflict began when the deposed Moroccan sultan Muhammad al-Mutawakkil went to Portugal and encouraged the young king Don Sebastian to invade Morocco. The landing of the Portuguese force gave 'Abd al-Malik an opportunity to revive the language of jihad and assemble a large army. The opposing forces met near al-Qasr al-Kabir at the Wadi al-Makhazin at the beginning of August 1578.
The Portuguese army was defeated, and the battle carried an unusually high dynastic cost. Don Sebastian and al-Mutawakkil died during the fighting, while 'Abd al-Malik suffered a natural death at the beginning of the battle. His brother and successor Abu'l 'Abbas Ahmad completed the victory, later taking the honorific title al-Mansur.
The result projected Morocco as a powerful state in European and Muslim diplomatic imagination. Reports emphasized the luxury of the Moroccan court and its imitation of Abbasid caliphal forms. The victory also strengthened the ideological standing of the Sharifian dynasty, even though the kingdom remained dependent on balancing the competing pressures of Spain and the Ottoman Empire.
XVIᵉ siècle
Northern Morocco
Traduction non disponible · Original (anglais) · français indisponible
The Battle of the Three Kings was the Moroccan victory over a Portuguese invasion force near al-Qasr al-Kabir in August 1578. The battle killed Portugal's Don Sebastian, the deposed Moroccan sultan Muhammad al-Mutawakkil, and the Moroccan ruler 'Abd al-Malik, whose successor Ahmad adopted the title al-Mansur. The victory renewed Morocco's jihad rhetoric and enhanced its international prestige.
Poursuivre l’exploration
Le récit
The conflict began when the deposed Moroccan sultan Muhammad al-Mutawakkil went to Portugal and encouraged the young king Don Sebastian to invade Morocco. The landing of the Portuguese force gave 'Abd al-Malik an opportunity to revive the language of jihad and assemble a large army. The opposing forces met near al-Qasr al-Kabir at the Wadi al-Makhazin at the beginning of August 1578.
The Portuguese army was defeated, and the battle carried an unusually high dynastic cost. Don Sebastian and al-Mutawakkil died during the fighting, while 'Abd al-Malik suffered a natural death at the beginning of the battle. His brother and successor Abu'l 'Abbas Ahmad completed the victory, later taking the honorific title al-Mansur.
The result projected Morocco as a powerful state in European and Muslim diplomatic imagination. Reports emphasized the luxury of the Moroccan court and its imitation of Abbasid caliphal forms. The victory also strengthened the ideological standing of the Sharifian dynasty, even though the kingdom remained dependent on balancing the competing pressures of Spain and the Ottoman Empire.
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