XXᵉ siècle – XXᵉ siècle
Tripolitania, Fezzan, and Cyrenaica, Libya
Traduction non disponible · Original (anglais) · français indisponible
The Italian conquest of Libya was a renewed campaign of territorial occupation launched from 1922, after earlier agreements were repudiated under Fascist rule. Italian armies captured Gharyan and Misurata in 1922–1923, occupied Fezzan by the end of 1929 or beginning of 1930, and suppressed Cyrenaican resistance through military operations, border controls, oasis occupations, and concentration camps. Badoglio announced the conquest and occupation of Libya on 24 January 1932.
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Le récit
In 1921, the arrival of the new Italian proconsul Volpi ended the earlier policy described as liberal. Agreements reached during and after the First World War were denounced, and Italy began a series of invasions intended as a reconquista. The campaign sought to restore direct colonial control over territories where indigenous political conflict and resistance had prevented effective occupation.
General Graziani led a large army against Gharyan, the capital of Tripolitania, which was captured on 7 November 1922. Italian forces attacked Misurata and took it on 20 February 1923. Internal disputes within the United Republic, including conflict between Misurata and Warfallah and tensions between Arabs and Berbers in the Western Mountains, prevented the central committee from mobilizing enough force to halt the advance.
Italy then turned toward the desert and Fezzan, using aerial bombing and poison gas while facing repeated setbacks. By the end of 1929 or the beginning of 1930, Fezzan was occupied and resistance in the west and south collapsed. In Cyrenaica, Italy built a 300-kilometre wire fence along the Egyptian frontier, occupied Djalo, Jaghbub, and Kufra, and transferred rural populations into fenced camps. After Umar al-Mukhtar’s capture, Badoglio announced the conquest and occupation of Libya on 24 January 1932.
XXᵉ siècle – XXᵉ siècle
Tripolitania, Fezzan, and Cyrenaica, Libya
Traduction non disponible · Original (anglais) · français indisponible
The Italian conquest of Libya was a renewed campaign of territorial occupation launched from 1922, after earlier agreements were repudiated under Fascist rule. Italian armies captured Gharyan and Misurata in 1922–1923, occupied Fezzan by the end of 1929 or beginning of 1930, and suppressed Cyrenaican resistance through military operations, border controls, oasis occupations, and concentration camps. Badoglio announced the conquest and occupation of Libya on 24 January 1932.
Poursuivre l’exploration
Le récit
In 1921, the arrival of the new Italian proconsul Volpi ended the earlier policy described as liberal. Agreements reached during and after the First World War were denounced, and Italy began a series of invasions intended as a reconquista. The campaign sought to restore direct colonial control over territories where indigenous political conflict and resistance had prevented effective occupation.
General Graziani led a large army against Gharyan, the capital of Tripolitania, which was captured on 7 November 1922. Italian forces attacked Misurata and took it on 20 February 1923. Internal disputes within the United Republic, including conflict between Misurata and Warfallah and tensions between Arabs and Berbers in the Western Mountains, prevented the central committee from mobilizing enough force to halt the advance.
Italy then turned toward the desert and Fezzan, using aerial bombing and poison gas while facing repeated setbacks. By the end of 1929 or the beginning of 1930, Fezzan was occupied and resistance in the west and south collapsed. In Cyrenaica, Italy built a 300-kilometre wire fence along the Egyptian frontier, occupied Djalo, Jaghbub, and Kufra, and transferred rural populations into fenced camps. After Umar al-Mukhtar’s capture, Badoglio announced the conquest and occupation of Libya on 24 January 1932.
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